当地时间2日，英国首相约翰逊在保守党年会上发表闭幕演讲，宣布最新“脱欧”协议出炉。
约翰逊称，这是一份“终极方案”，若欧盟仍不接受，英国将在10月31日无协议“脱欧”。
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson made a final Brexit offer to the European Union on Wednesday, pitching a possible compromise for a last-minute exit deal that was cautiously welcomed by the EU though the two sides still remain far apart.目前，英国已将这一新“脱欧”方案递交欧盟。欧盟官员当天表示，将客观研判这一方案。Britain's Prime Minister Boris Johnson gestures as he gives a closing speech at the Conservative Party annual conference in Manchester, Britain, October 2, 2019. /VCG Photo
在保守党年会上，约翰逊罕见地表达了他对欧洲的热爱——
"It cannot be stressed too much that this is not an anti-European party. This is not an anti-European country. We are European. We love Europe. I love Europe anyway."
“我们不是一个反欧洲的党派。英国不是一个反欧洲的国家。我们就是欧洲人。我爱欧洲。”
但他很快转到协议上，“这是一个‘要么接受要么拉倒’的方案，时间已经所剩无几。”
约翰逊说，新“脱欧”方案是“有建设性、合理的”提议，代表了英国的妥协。作为回应，欧盟也应有所让步。"If we fail to get an agreement…the alternative is no deal. That is not an outcome we want. It is not an outcome we seek at all. But let me tell you, my friends, it is an outcome for which we are ready."
“虽然我们无意寻求在无协议的情况下‘脱欧’，但如果仍然无法达成协议，我们便准备好接受这个结果。”
In what Johnson's supporters cast as a moment of truth after more than three years of Brexit crisis, Johnson urged Brussels to compromise but warned that if it did not then Britain would leave the EU without a deal on October 31.
Phoney Brexit battle
The Conservative Party annual conference in Manchester, Britain, October 2, 2019. /VCG Photo对于这份“终极”协议，目前表态的欧盟领导人采取了相对谨慎的措辞。
While London's last-minute proposals do mark some movement on the Irish border, the biggest sticking point of the Brexit negotiations, many EU diplomats are convinced that the United Kingdom is heading towards either a delay or a no-deal exit.European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker /AP photo
欧盟委员会主席容克表示，他认可新方案里取得的积极进展，但它也存在一些问题。
"There are still some problematic points that will need further work in the coming days, notably with regards to the governance of the backstop."
European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker welcomed "positive advances" in Johnson's proposals, such as the full regulatory alignment for all goods, but noted some problems.
Amid so much pessimism about the possibility of a deal in just weeks, many diplomats say a phoney struggle is underway between London and Brussels to apportion blame.
"It's a game of cat and mouse," said one EU diplomat.
Raoul Ruparel, former Europe adviser to Johnson's predecessor, Theresa May, said the offer appeared unlikely to win over the EU.Britain's Labour party leader Jeremy Corbyn looks on in Parliament in London, Britain, September 25, 2019. /AP Photo
"I cannot see the EU and Ireland agreeing to these proposals, they may not even see them as a basis for negotiations," he said.
英国工党党魁科尔宾表示，新“脱欧”方案太过含糊不清，不会得到欧盟成员国的支持。
Opposition Party leader Jeremy Corbyn said Johnson's proposals were too vague and that the EU would not accept them.
Irish problem
A truck races past a sign against the reestablishment of a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland on Tuesday, October 1, 2019. /AP Photo北爱尔兰与爱尔兰边界问题一直是“脱欧”谈判的关键难点之一。
Ireland, whose 500 km (300 mile) land border with the United Kingdom will become the frontier of the EU's single market and customs union after Brexit, is crucial to any deal.
"We will under no circumstances have checks at or near the border in Northern Ireland."
约翰逊表示，按照新方案，英国不会在北爱尔兰地区与爱尔兰的“边界线上或附近”设置检查站，也会借助技术手段避免出现“硬边界”，以实现在维护北爱尔兰地区和平、保障边界畅通的同时确保英国完整地脱离欧盟。
The problem is how to prevent Northern Ireland becoming a "back door" into the EU market without erecting border controls that could undermine the 1998 Good Friday Agreement (GFA), which ended decades of political and sectarian violence in Northern Ireland in which more than 3,600 people were killed.A demonstrator holds the flag of Ireland on the railings of Britain's Parliament in London, Britain, September 27, 2019. /AP Photo
根据约翰逊政府的方案，在英国“脱欧”后一定期限内，进入北爱尔兰的商品需符合欧盟标准，这意味着届时货物从英国其他地区进入北爱尔兰将接受欧盟标准检查，而在爱尔兰与北爱尔兰之间流通则免检。
Britain said its proposals were compatible with the peace agreement and suggested a zone of regulatory compliance across Northern Ireland and the EU to eliminate checks for trade in goods.
但同时，北爱尔兰将与英国其他地区同步退出欧盟关税同盟，因此在北爱尔兰与爱尔兰之间流通的货物要接受关税检查。不过新方案建议，绝大多数关税检查可以通过电子方式完成，以避免在边境增设实体检查站，确保边界畅通。
Before the end of a transition period after Brexit in December 2020, the Northern Ireland assembly and executive that were established under the 1998 deal would be required to give their consent to this arrangement and every four years afterward, the seven-page document said.
Northern Ireland would stay part of the United Kingdom's customs territory but to avoid customs checks, a declaration system would be introduced with a simplified process for small traders, along with a trusted-traders scheme.
此前，英国前首相特雷莎·梅与欧盟达成的“脱欧”协议遭英国议会否决，主要是因为其中涉及边界问题的“备份安排”——即在北爱尔兰和爱尔兰之间不设实体海关和检查设施等“硬边界”。
而约翰逊政府认为，“备份安排”可能导致在现实中将北爱尔兰永久“留在”欧盟，有损英国独立性和完整性，因此新“脱欧”方案必须取消“备份安排”。
Some lawmakers in Britain's opposition Labour Party signaled they could back the deal in a parliamentary vote if it was accepted by Europe and Dublin.
A senior British official said: "The government is either going to be negotiating a new deal or working on no deal - nobody will work on delay."